The shoulder joint provides the maximum range of motion to the body. This joint has a complex structure, the shoulder joint capsule can be strongly extended, causing the arm to also lift and produce rotational motion. Such flexibility leads to the relaxation of the ligaments. Failure of the process of nutrition of the articular tissue provokes its destruction and serves as the basis for the development of arthrosis of the shoulder joint.
Basically, the disease affects people after the age of 45 and is a pathology of the bone and cartilage tissue in the shoulder girdle. The character of the disease is increasing, appears with age and leads to dystrophic changes. This disease often affects half the population. Degeneration of articular cartilage and structural pathology of bone integrity provoke inflammatory processes in the synovial membrane. Destructive changes occur almost asymptomatically up to a certain point. Pain then beginsWhen cracks in cartilage are largely filled with salt deposits.
Stages of shoulder arthrosis
There are three stages of progression of shoulder arthrosis:
The first stage is characterized by dull pain in the shoulder area, often such sensations intensify at night. The movements are not constrained, but some of them, associated with the greatest amplitude, can cause pain. In this stage, the disease is identified by X-ray examination. The picture captures the characteristic "ringing symptom" for this stage - the articular depression is in the form of an elliptical ring.
The second stage is manifested by more pronounced symptoms. Pain is felt in the shoulder and shoulder blade - they are permanent. A crunch is heard when moving the arm. Muscle spasm and soreness limit the range of motion, allowing the person toDifficulty bending the arm back.
A specially designed test is used. The traumatologist asks the patient to place his or her hands in a lock behind his back. If the patient is suffering from arthrosis of the shoulder, this movement may be due to his limited mobility. At this stage, an X-ray captures arthrosis, which is defined by narrowing of the articular tract, with the presence of bone outgrowths and thickening of the articular external bones.
In some cases, muscle atrophy is recorded in the shoulder area.
The third stage is accompanied by obvious deformities and constant pain. The patient can only move his arm back and forth. It is absolutely impossible to raise and lower the arm, the joint is deformed. On the body, especially in the area of \u200b\u200bthe union of the shoulder and scapula, the bulge of the bone is highlighted. The position of the hand is forced, the patient tries to keep the hand in the least painful position.
The disease rarely progresses to the final stage.
More often there are cases when the development of pathological changes in the previous stages stops. The risk of infection in the late stages is present in those patients who do not stop loading the affected joint: professional athletes, people doing physical exertion.
due to disease
Determine the main causes of pathology:
- Maximum load on the shoulder.
- Congenital or acquired joint anomalies. With this type of pathology, the normal load for the joint can be considered as maximum. In this condition there is a friction of the cartilage.
- Metabolic disorder, which causes the deposition of salts, malnutrition of the cartilage tissue.
- Hereditary factors. Children of parents suffering from this disease are more susceptible to the development of such pathology, they are at risk.
- Injury or systemic trauma over a certain period. In such circumstances, post-traumatic arthrosis manifests itself.
- Acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints - arthritis.
- Bad habits and poor nutrition.
- Autoimmune or hormonal disorders.
- Digestive disorders.
- Disorders associated with the endocrine system.
- age factor.
symptoms of disease
With osteoarthritis of the shoulder, symptoms appear suddenly. Initially, a person feels uncomfortable when performing certain activities or after hypothermia.
Main symptoms include:
- Pain in the shoulder that occurs when moving the arm. The patient feels pain especially in the morning and during the change of weather. The patient feels pain even when he feels his shoulder. When the disease progresses, then in a calm stateAlso pain indicators begin to bother. characteristic is the spread of pain in the back.
- Movement disorders. A patient with arthrosis will have difficulty performing primary tasks, such as raising an arm, making rotational movements. Delay in healing may result in contractions.
- There is a cracking and crunching sound in the joint. The pathological phenomenon is associated with the formation of osteophytes (salt deposits). At first, the symptom is not very pronounced. However, over time, these sounds intensify and others can also be heard. Looks like.
- Local temperature increase, joint swelling, redness.
- Hardening. When the form is running, bone growths are visible. Arthrosis of the shoulder accompanies arthrosis of the subacromial joint.
Diagnosis of shoulder arthrosis
To determine the degree of the pathological process, a set of diagnostic procedures is prescribed. Based on the results of these studies, treatment is prescribed. The patient is examined by a traumatologist, in advanced stages - by a surgeon and a neuropathologist. The therapeutic program will be adjusted according to the instructions of the therapist - physiotherapist and massage therapist.
For the diagnosis is assigned:
- Blood tests. aimed at detecting the presence of inflammatory processes and determining their nature, for example, rheumatism.
- X-ray, which allows you to detect joint pathology at an early stage of the disease.
- MRI.
Treatment Methods
Modern treatments include:
- irreversible.
- Physiotherapy.
- Ethnography.
- surgical intervention.
conservative treatment
The drugs used to treat osteoarthritis of the shoulder joint are aimed at inhibiting inflammation and reducing pain.
to request:
- Anesthetics;
- chondroprotectors;
- muscle relaxants;
- Means to activate blood circulation.
External influences have a positive effect on the body:
- physical treatment;
- laser therapy;
- cryotherapy;
- Magnet therapy.
At the first stage, ointments can be used to treat the disease. This method is especially effective for arthrosis of the right shoulder. The use of warming agents is recommended.
physical treatment
A set of exercises is included. It is necessary to perform flexion and extension, rotational, abduction and articular movements every morning.
The method contributes to:
- Rehabilitation of blood circulation in the joints and metabolism.
- Increased flexibility of ligaments.
- Normalization of muscle activity.
The duration of gymnastics should be about 10 minutes. If there is a sharp pain, you should stop exercising for a while. Warm compresses are recommended before and after exercise. During the period of treatment, spicy andIt is necessary to exclude salty foods from the diet. In the diet you need to include foods that contain a large percentage of collagen.
folk remedies
Folk remedies are allowed at the first degree of the disease, it is at this stage that such treatment can have the desired effect. This technique should be combined with medicine and therapeutic practice.
Popular methods include:
- The use of propolis mixed with pork fat. This mixture is rubbed into shoulder pain.
- Compress with cabbage juice.
- Cabbage leaves smeared with honey. They are placed on the foci of inflammation, it helps to relieve pain and reduce the inflammatory process.
Operation
In advanced cases, when bone tissue fusion and muscle atrophy are detected, treatment is carried out in an operative way. During the operation, the epiphysis of the shoulder and scapula are replaced with metal prostheses.
Surgical intervention allows the patient to return the usefulness of movement.
Redressal
It is possible to save the shoulder joint from arthrosis if the causes provoking the destruction of the joint are eliminated in time, and you should also:
- Avoid overworking.
- After an injury, there is a recovery period to be faced.
- eat properly.
At the first symptoms and pain, consult a doctor to determine the cause of the disease and prevent it in time.